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Indonesia TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNICATIONS
Roads: Total 250,000 kilometers national,
provincial, and
district roads (1989); 43 percent paved; about 32 percent
classed
as highways. Urban transit dominated by motor vehicles;
increasing
use of buses, minibuses, and motorcycles.
Maritime: Interisland transportation critical;
traditional sailing craft still widely used but increasing
motorization. Port improvements underway in 1980s and
early 1990s;
300 registered ports for international and interisland
trade.
Domestic merchant fleet composed of 35 oceangoing vessels,
259
interisland vessels, more than 1,000 modernized local
vessels,
almost 4,000 traditional vessels, 1,900 special bulk
carriers.
Nearly 21,600 kilometers of inland waterways.
Airports: Government-owned airline, Garuda
Indonesian
Airways, with one smaller subsidiary; one private airline.
SukarnoHatta International Airport opened outside Jakarta in
1985. Major
airports in Denpasar, Medan, Surabaya, and Batam Island;
470
airports total in early 1990s, 111 with permanent-surface
runways.
Railroads: Track length 6,964 kilometers in
early 1990s,
all government-owned and -operated by Indonesian State
Railways
(PJKA; for this and other acronyms--see table A). Some 211
kilometers of roadbed double tracked and 125 kilometers
electrified, all in Java. Most used for passenger
transportation
but increasing use for freight since early 1980s.
Modernization
program underway with World Bank assistance since late
1980s.
Telecommunications: First Indonesian Palapa
satellite
launched 1976, replaced in 1987; 130 earth stations;
direct dialing
among 147 cities, international direct dialing to 147
countries;
226 automatic and 480 manual telephone exchanges; about
800,000
telephones (1990). Television and radio dominated by
government
networks, but private stations on the rise in early 1990s.
Some 11
million television sets and 22 million radios in early
1990s.
Data as of November 1992
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