|
Indonesia GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS
Government: Unitary republic based on separation
of
powers into executive, legislative, and judicial branches.
Constitution of 1945 in force, and power concentrated in
presidency; mandate renewed by People's Consultative
Assembly
(MPR), which meets every five years to elect president and
vice
president. Unicameral elected House of People's
Representatives
(DPR) shares legislative authority with MPR, which
comprises
members of DPR plus others appointed by central
government. Supreme
Court highest court of land.
Politics: Emphasis on consensus, unity, and
controlled
political development. Political ideologies other than
Pancasila
illegal. Since 1973 all political groups identified with
three
legal political organizations:
Golkar (see Glossary),
government
surrogate party; and two opposition parties,
Muslim-oriented United
Development Party (PPP) and secularist Indonesian
Democratic Party
(PDI). DPR elections every five years preceding MPR
session. Golkar
has held absolute majority since early 1970s.
Administrative Divisions: Twenty-four provinces
(propinsi), two special regions (daerah istimewa), and one
special
capital city region (daerah khusus ibukota). These
divisions
subdivided into districts (kabupaten) and municipalities
(kotamadya). Lower levels comprise subdistricts
(kecamatan) and
villages (desa).
Foreign Relations: Member of United Nations
(UN),
Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN),
Nonaligned Movement
(chair 1992-95--see Glossary), and numerous other
international
organizations. Relations with all major nations based on
principles
of nonalignment.
Data as of November 1992
|
