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Poland The Constitutional Tribunal
The Constitutional Tribunal was established by the
Jaruzelski
regime in early 1982 to adjudicate the constitutionality
of laws
and regulations. The Sejm appoints the tribunal's members
to
four-year terms. Initially, the body did not have
authority to
review laws and statutes enacted before 1982. Findings of
unconstitutionality could be overruled by the Sejm with a
twothirds majority vote. Selected by the Sejm for their
superior
legal expertise, the members of the Constitutional
Tribunal are
independent and bound only by the constitution
(see The Constitution of 1952
, this ch.). In 1992 the tribunal made
controversial findings that government plans to control
wages and
pensions retroactively violated rights constitutionally
guaranteed to citizens.
Data as of October 1992
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