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Yugoslavia SOCIETY
Population: 1990 estimate 23.5 million; 1990 annual
growth rate 0.6 percent; 1988 population density about 92 per
square kilometer.
Languages: Serbo-Croatian, Slovenian, and Macedonian
official state languages. Main national minority languages
Albanian and Hungarian.
Ethnic Groups: Serbs, Croats, Muslim, Slavs, Slovenes,
Macedonians, and Montenegrins (all ethnically South Slavs,
together constituting over 80 percent of total population) the
main ethnic groups. Albanians and Hungarians (7.7 percent and 1.9
percent, respectively, according to 1981 census) the principal
minority ethnic groups.
Education and Literacy: Education compulsory between
ages seven and fifteen. Literacy estimated at 90 percent in 1990.
Extensive growth in education system in post-World War II era
through 1980; slower growth and restructuring in 1980s.
Health: Republic and province constitutions stipulate
universal citizen rights to health care. General health insurance
program covered most of population, with some exceptions in rural
areas. Substantial expansion of health care resources beginning
in 1960s, but disparities remained significant between rural and
urban areas and between richer and poorer regions.
Religion: In 1990 Roman Catholic (30 percent), Serbian
and Macedonian Orthodox (50 percent), Muslim (9 percent),
Protestant (1 percent) and other (10 percent). Estimates of
religious faiths vary widely.
Data as of December 1990
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