Zaire Peoples of the Southern Uplands: Kasai-Shaba
Zebra, common in the savanna regions of central
and southern Zaire
Courtesy Zaire National Tourism Office
A square-shaped thatched roof hut, typical of
the Kasai-Oriental Region, provides shelter against the heavy
rains.
Extending across much of the southern savanna east of
the
middle reaches of the Kasai River are the Tshiluba- and
Kilubaspeaking peoples. (Kiluba is the language of the
Luba-Katanga as
distinct from Tshiluba, the language spoken by the
Luba-Kasai.)
Vansina distinguishes three clusters: the
Luba-Katanga--comprising
the Luba-Katanga proper, the Kaniok, the Kalundwe, and the
Lomotwa;
the Luba-Kasai--comprising the Luba-Kasai proper, the
Lulua, the
Luntu, the Binji, the Mputu, and the North Kete; and the
Songye--
comprising the Songye proper and the Bangu-Bangu. losely
related to
the Luba-Katanga and living to their east are the Hemba,
separately
distinguished chiefly because, unlike the others, they are
matrilineal.
All of these peoples appear to have shared a tradition
of
chieftainship, but it was among the Luba-Katanga that more
complex
centralized states emerged as early as the fifteenth and
sixteenth
centuries. Elsewhere, the people and territory over which
a chief
ruled were much more restricted, and even among the
Luba-Katanga
local chiefs had a substantial degree of autonomy.
Data as of December 1993
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