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Iran
Opposition Political Parties in Exile
Many of the opposition parties that were suppressed inside the
country were reorganized abroad. In 1987 more than a dozen political
parties were active among the Iranian exile communities in Western
Europe, the United States, and Iraq. All of these parties belonged
to one of four broad ideological groups: monarchists, democrats,
Islamicists, and Marxists. With the notable exception of the Mojahedin
and the ethnic Kurdish parties, the expatriate opposition parties
eschewed the use of political violence to achieve their shared
goal of overthrowing the regime in Tehran.
Data as of December 1987
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