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Iran
Marxists
Like the Mojahedin, several Marxist political parties have maintained
clandestine cells inside the country. Tudeh leaders, who managed
to escape the government's mass arrests and forcible dissolution
of their party in early 1983, reestablished the Tudeh in exile
in the German Democratic Republic (East Germany). The Fadayan
Majority, which later in 1983 suffered the same fate as the Tudeh,
was decimated by government persecution; its surviving members
eventually joined the Tudeh. The Komala (Komala-ye Shoreshgari-ye
Zahmat Keshan-e Kordestan-e Iran, or Committee of the Revolutionary
Toilers of Iranian Kordestan), a predominantly, but not exclusively,
Kurdish party, had rejected as early as 1979 the Tudeh and Fadayan
Majority policy of cooperation with the regime and continued to
fight against central government forces up to the end of 1985,
when it was forced to retreat to Iraqi Kurdistan. The Fadayan
Minority had joined the Mojahedin uprising in 1981 and consequently
lost most of its cadres in the ensuing confrontation with the
regime. It has party offices in several West European cities and
on university campuses in the United States. The Paykar, which
also joined the Mojahedin's unsuccessful rebellion, was largely
destroyed by 1982, although secret cells were believed still to
exist in 1987.
Data as of December 1987
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