|
Country |
Political parties and leaders |
|
Afghanistan
| NA; note - political parties in Afghanistan are in flux and many prominent
players have plans to create new parties; the Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan
(TISA) is headed by President Hamid KARZAI; the TISA is a coalition government
formed of leaders from across the Afghan political spectrum; there are also several
political factions not holding positions in the Transitional government that are
forming new groups and parties in the hopes of participating in 2004 elections
|
| Albania
| Agrarian Party of Albania or PASH [Lufter XHUVELI]; Christian Democratic
Party or PDK [Zef BUSHATI]; Communist Party of Albania or PKSH [Hysni MILLOSHI];
Democratic Alliance or PAD [Nerltan CEKA]; Democratic Party or PD [Sali BERISHA];
Legality Movement Party or PLL [Guri DUROLLARI]; National Front Party (Balli Kombetar)
or PBK [Abaz ERMENJI]; Party of National Unity or PUK [Idajet BEQUIRI]; Republican
Party or PR [Fatmir MEDIU]; Social Democracy or DS [Paskal MILO]; Social Democratic
Party or PSD [Skender GJINUSHI]; Socialist Party or PS (formerly the Albanian
Party of Labor) [Fatos NANO]; Union for Human Rights Party or PBDNJ [Vasil MELO]
|
| Algeria
| Algerian National Front or FNA [Moussa TOUATI]; Democratic National
Rally or RND [Ahmed OUYAHIA, chairman]; Islamic Salvation Front or FIS (outlawed
April 1992) [Ali BELHADJ and Dr. Abassi MADANI, Rabeh KEBIR (self-exile in Germany)];
Society of Peace Movement or MSP [Boujerra SOLTANI]; National Entente Movement
or MEN [Ali BOUKHAZNA]; National Liberation Front or FLN [Ali BENFLIS, secretary
general]; National Reform Movement or MRN [Abdellah DJABALLAH]; National Renewal
Party or PRA [leader NA]; Progressive Republican Party [Khadir DRISS]; Rally for
Culture and Democracy or RCD [Said SAADI, secretary general]; Renaissance Movement
or EnNahda Movement [Lahbib ADAMI]; Social Liberal Party or PSL [Ahmed KHELIL];
Socialist Forces Front or FFS [Hocine Ait AHMED, secretary general (self-exile
in Switzerland)]; Union for Democracy and Liberty [Mouley BOUKHALAFA]; Workers
Party or PT [Louisa HANOUN]
note: a law banning political parties
based on religion was enacted in March 1997 |
| American
Samoa | Democratic Party [leader NA]; Republican Party [leader NA]
|
| Andorra
| Democratic Party or PD (formerly part of National Democratic Group or
AND) [Ladislau BARO SOLO]; Liberal Party of Andorra or PLA [Marc FORNE MOLNE]
(used to be Liberal Union or UL); Liberal Union or UL [Francesc CERQUEDA]; National
Democratic Group or AND [Ladislau BARO SOLO]; National Democratic Initiative or
IDN [Vicenc MATEU ZAMORA]; New Democracy or ND [Jaume BARTOMEU CASSANY]; Social
Democratic Party or PSD (formerly part of National Democratic Group of AND) [leader
NA]; Union of the People of Ordino (Unio Parroquial d'Ordino) or UPO [Simo DURO
COMA]
note: there are two other small parties |
|
Angola
| Liberal Democratic Party or PLD [Analia de Victoria PEREIRA]; National
Front for the Liberation of Angola or FNLA [disputed leadership: Lucas NGONDA,
Holden ROBERTO]; National Union for the Total Independence of Angola or UNITA
[interim leader: PAULO Lukamba "Gato"], largest opposition party has engaged in
years of armed resistance; Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola or MPLA
[Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS], ruling party in power since 1975; Social Renewal Party
or PRS [disputed leadership: Eduardo KUANGANA, Antonio MUACHICUNGO]
note:
about a dozen minor parties participated in the 1992 elections but only won a
few seats and have little influence in the National Assembly |
|
Anguilla
| Anguilla United Party or AUP [Hubert HUGHES]; The United Front or UF
[Osbourne FLEMING, Victor BANKS], a coalition of the Anguilla Democratic Party
or ADP and the Anguilla National Alliance or ANA |
|
Antigua
and Barbuda | Antigua Labor Party or ALP [Lester Bryant BIRD]; Barbuda
People's Movement or BPM [Thomas H. FRANK]; United Progressive Party or UPP [Baldwin
SPENCER] (a coalition of three opposition parties - United National Democratic
Party or UNDP, Antigua Caribbean Liberation Movement or ACLM, and Progressive
Labor Movement or PLM) |
| Argentina
| Action for the Republic or AR [Domingo CAVALLO]; Alternative for a Republic
of Equals or ARI [Elisa CARRIO]; Front for a Country in Solidarity or Frepaso
(a four-party coalition) [Dario Pedro ALESSANDRO]; Justicialist Party or PJ [Carlos
Saul MENEM] (Peronist umbrella political organization); Radical Civic Union or
UCR [Angel ROZAS]; Federal Recreate Movement [Ricardo LOPEZ MURPHY]; several provincial
parties |
| Armenia
| Agro-Industrial Party [Vladimir BADALIAN]; Armenia Party [Myasnik MALKHASYAN];
Armenian National Movement or ANM [Alex ARZUMANYAN, chairman]; Armenian Ramkavar
Liberal Party or HRAK [Ruben MIRZAKHANYAN, chairman]; Armenian Revolutionary Federation
("Dashnak" Party) or ARF [Vahan HOVHANISSIAN]; Democratic Party [Aram SARKISYAN];
Justice Bloc (comprised of the Democratic Party, National Democratic Party, National
Democratic Union, and the People's Party); National Democratic Party [Shavarsh
KOCHARIAN]; National Democratic Union or NDU [Vazgen MANUKIAN]; National Unity
Party [Artashes GEGAMIAN, chairman]; People's Party of Armenia [Stepan DEMIRCHYAN];
Republic Party [Albert BAZEYAN and Aram SARKISYAN, chairmen]; Republican Party
or RPA [Andranik MARKARYAN]; Rule of Law Party [Artur BAGDASARIAN, chairman];
Union of Constitutional Rights [Hrant KHACHATURYAN]; United Labor Party [Gurgen
ARSENIAN] |
| Aruba
| Aruba Solidarity Movement or MAS [leader NA]; Aruban Democratic Alliance
or Aliansa [leader NA]; Aruban Democratic Party or PDA [Leo BERLINSKI]; Aruban
Liberal Party or OLA [Glenbert CROES]; Aruban Patriotic Party or PPA [Benny NISBET];
Aruban People's Party or AVP [Jan (Henny) H. EMAN]; Concentration for the Liberation
of Aruba or CLA [leader NA]; People's Electoral Movement Party or MEP [Nelson
O. ODUBER]; For a Restructured Aruba Now or PARA [Urbana LOPEZ]; National Democratic
Action or ADN [Pedro Charro KELLY] |
| Australia
| Australian Democrats [Andrew BARTLETT]; Australian Labor Party [Mark
LATHAM]; Australian Progressive Alliance [Meg LEES]; Country Labor Party [leader
NA]; Australian Greens [Bob BROWN]; Liberal Party [John Winston HOWARD]; The Nationals
[John ANDERSON]; One Nation Party [Len HARRIS] |
|
Austria
| Austrian People's Party or OeVP [Wolfgang SCHUESSEL]; Freedom Party
of Austria or FPOe [Herbert HAUPT]; Social Democratic Party of Austria or SPOe
[Alfred GUSENBAUER]; The Greens Alternative or GA [Alexander VAN DER BELLEN] |
| Azerbaijan
| Azerbaijan Popular Front or APF [Ali KARIMLI, leader of "Reform" faction;
Mirmahmud MIRALI-OGLU, leader of "Classic" faction]; Civic Solidarity Party or
CSP [Sabir RUSTAMKHANLY]; Civic Union Party [Ayaz MUTALIBOV]; Communist Party
of Azerbaijan or CPA [Ramiz AHMADOV]; Compatriot Party [Mais SAFARLI]; Democratic
Party for Azerbaijan or DPA [Rasul QULIYEV, chairman]; Justice Party [Ilyas ISMAILOV];
Liberal Party of Azerbaijan [Lala Shvkat HACIYEVA]; Musavat [Isa GAMBAR, chairman];
New Azerbaijan Party or NAP [Heydar ALIYEV, chairman]; Party for National Independence
of Azerbaijan or PNIA [Etibar MAMMADLI, chairman]; Social Democratic Party of
Azerbaijan or SDP [Zardust ALIZADE]
note: opposition parties regularly
factionalize and form new parties |
| Bahamas,
The | Free National Movement or FNM [Tommy TURNQUEST]; Progressive
Liberal Party or PLP [Perry CHRISTIE] |
| Bahrain
| political parties prohibited but politically oriented societies are
allowed |
| Bangladesh
| Awami League or AL [Sheikh HASINA]; Bangladesh Communist Party or BCP
[Saifuddin Ahmed MANIK]; Bangladesh Nationalist Party or BNP [Khaleda ZIA, chairperson];
Islami Oikya Jote or IOJ [Mufti Fazlul Haq AMINI]; Jamaat-E-Islami or JI [Motiur
Rahman NIZAMI]; Jatiya Party or JP (Ershad faction) [Hussain Mohammad ERSHAD];
Jatiya Party (Manzur faction) [Naziur Rahman MANZUR] |
|
Barbados
| Barbados Labor Party or BLP [Owen ARTHUR]; Democratic Labor Party or
DLP [Clyde Mascoll] |
| Belarus
| Agrarian Party or AP [Mikhail SHIMANSKY]; Belarusian Communist Party
or KPB [Viktor CHIKIN, chairman]; Belarusian Ecological Green Party (merger of
Belarusian Ecological Party and Green Party of Belarus) [leader NA]; Belarusian
Patriotic Movement (Belarusian Patriotic Party) or BPR [Anatoliy BARANKEVICH,
chairman]; Belarusian Popular Front or BNF [Vintsuk VYACHORKA]; Belarusian Social-Democrat
Party or SDBP [Nikolay STATKEVICH, chairman]; Belarusian Social-Democratic Party
or Hromada [Stanislav SHUSHKEVICH, chairman]; Belarusian Socialist Party [Vyacheslav
KUZNETSOV]; Civic Accord Bloc (United Civic Party) or CAB [Anatol LIABEDZKA];
Liberal Democratic Party or LDPB [Sergei GAYDUKEVICH, chairman]; Party of Communists
Belarusian or PKB [Sergei KALYAKIN, chairman]; Republican Party of Labor and Justice
or RPPS [Anatoliy NETYLKIN, chairman]; Social-Democrat Party of Popular Accord
or PPA [Leanid SECHKA]; Women's Party or "Nadezhda" [Valentina POLEVIKOVA, chairperson]
|
| Belgium
| AGALEV (Flemish Greens) [Dirk HOLEMANS]; Christian Democrats and Flemish
or CD & V [Yves LETERME]; note - used to be the Flemish Christian Democrats or
CVP; Ecolo (Francophone Greens) [Jean-Michel JAVAUK, Evelyne HUYTEBROECK, Claude
BROUIR]; Flemish Liberal Democrats or VLD [Karel DE GUCHT]; Francophone Humanist
and Democratic Center of CDH (used to be Social Christian Party or PSC) [Joelle
MILQUET]; Francophone Reformist Movement or MR (used to be Liberal Reformation
Party or PRL) [Antoine DUQUESNE]; Francophone Socialist Party or PS [Elio DI RUPO];
National Front or FN [Daniel FERET]; New Flemish Alliance or NVA [Geert BOURGEOIS];
note - new party that emerged after the demise of the People's Union or VU; Social
Progressive Alternative Party or SP.A [Steve STEVAERT]; note - was Flemish Socialist
Party or SP; Spirit [Els VAN WEERT]; note - new party that emerged after the demise
of the People's Union or VU; Vlaams Blok or VB [Frank VANHECKE]; other minor parties
|
| Belize
| People's United Party or PUP [Said MUSA]; United Democratic Party or
UDP [Dean BARROW, party leader; Douglas SINGH, party chairman] |
| Benin
| African Congress for Renewal or DUNYA [Saka SALEY]; African Movement
for Democracy and Progress or MADEP [Sefou FAGBOHOUN]; Alliance of the Social
Democratic Party or PSD [Bruno AMOUSSOU]; Coalition of Democratic Forces [Gatien
HOUNGBEDJI]; Democratic Renewal Party or PRD [Adrien HOUNGBEDJI]; Front for Renewal
and Development or FARD-ALAFIA [Jerome Sakia KINA]; Impulse for Progress and Democracy
or IPD [Bertin BORNA]; Key Force or FC [leader NA]; Presidential Movement (UBF,
MADEP, FC, IDP, and 4 other small parties); Renaissance Party du Benin or PRB
[Nicephore SOGLO]; The Star Alliance (Alliance E'toile) [Sacca LAFIA]; Union of
Tomorrow's Benin or UBF [Bruno AMOUSSOU]
note: approximately 20 additional
minor parties |
| Bermuda
| National Liberal Party or NLP [Dessaline WALDRON]; Progressive Labor
Party or PLP [Jennifer SMITH]; United Bermuda Party or UBP [Chairman Wayne FURBERT]
|
| Bhutan
| no legal parties |
| Bolivia
| Bolivian Socialist Falange or FSB [Romel PANTOJA]; Civic Solidarity
Union or UCS [Johnny FERNANDEZ]; Free Bolivia Movement or MBL [Franz BARRIOS];
Marshal of Ayacucho Institutional Vanguard or VIMA [Freddy ZABALA]; Movement of
the Revolutionary Left or MIR [Jaime PAZ Zamora]; Movement Toward Socialism or
MAS [Evo MORALES]; Movement Without Fear or MSM [Juan DEL GRANADO]; Nationalist
Democratic Action or ADN [Jorge Fernando QUIROGA Ramirez]; Nationalist Revolutionary
Movement or MNR [Gonzalo SANCHEZ DE LOZADA]; New Republican Force or NFR [Manfred
REYES-VILLA]; Pachakuti Indigenous Movement or MIP [Felipe QUISPE]; Socialist
Party or PS [Jeres JUSTINIANO]
note: the MNR, MIR, and UCS comprise
the ruling coalition |
| Bosnia
and Herzegovina | Alliance of Independent Social Democrats or SNSD
[Milorad DODIK]; Bosnian Party or BOSS [Mirnes AJANOVIC]; Civic Democratic Party
or GDS [Ilija SIMIC]; Croatian Democratic Union of Bosnia and Herzegovina or HDZ
[Barisa COLAK (acting)]; Croat Christian Democratic Union of Bosnia and Herzegovina
or HKDU [Mijo IVANIC-LONIC]; Croat Party of Rights or HSP [Zdravko HRISTIC]; Croat
Peasants Party or HSS [Ilija SIMIC]; Democratic National Union or DNZ [Fikret
ABDIC]; Liberal Democratic Party or LDS [Rasim KADIC]; New Croat Initiative or
NHI [Kresimir ZUBAK]; Party for Bosnia and Herzegovina or SBiH [Safet HALILOVIC];
Party of Democratic Action or SDA [Sulejman TIHIC]; Party of Democratic Progress
or PDP [Mladen IVANIC]; Pro-European People's Party or PROENS [Jadranko PRLIC];
Serb Democratic Party or SDS [Dragan KALINIC]; Serb Radical Party of the Republika
Srpska or SRS-RS [Radislav KANJERIC]; Social Democratic Party of BIH or SDP [Zlatko
LAGUMDZIJA]; Socialist Party of Republika Srpska or SPRS [Petar DJOKIC] |
| Botswana
| Botswana Democratic Party or BDP [Festus MOGAE]; Botswana National Front
or BNF [Otswoletse MOUPO]; Botswana Congress Party or BCP [Mokgweetsi KGOSIPULA];
Botswana Alliance Movement or BAM [Ephraim Lepetu SETSHWAELO]
note:
a number of minor parties joined forces in 1999 to form the BAM but did not capture
any parliamentary seats; the BAM parties are: the United Action Party [Ephraim
Lepetu SETSHWAELO], the Independence Freedom Party or IFP [Motsamai MPHO], and
the Botswana Progressive Union [D. K. KWELE] |
| Brazil
| Brazilian Democratic Movement Party or PMDB [Michel TEMER]; Brazilian
Labor Party or PTB [Jose Carlos MARTINEZ]; Brazilian Social Democracy Party or
PSDB [Senator Jose ANIBAL]; Brazilian Socialist Party or PSB [Miguel ARRAES];
Brazilian Progressive Party or PPB [Paulo Salim MALUF]; Communist Party of Brazil
or PCdoB [Renato RABELLO]; Democratic Labor Party or PDT [Leonel BRIZOLA]; Green
Party or PV [leader NA]; Liberal Front Party or PFL [Jorge BORNHAUSEN]; Liberal
Party or PL [Deputy Valdemar COSTA Neto]; National Order Reconstruction Party
or PRONA [Dr. Eneas CARNEIRO]; Popular Socialist Party or PPS [Senator Roberto
FREIRE]; Social Democratic Party or PSD [leader NA]; Worker's Party or PT [Jose
GENOINO] |
| British
Virgin Islands | Concerned Citizens Movement or CCM [Ethlyn SMITH];
National Democratic Party or NDP [Orlando SMITH]; United Party or UP [Gregory
MADURO]; Virgin Islands Party or VIP [Ralph T. O'NEAL] |
|
Brunei
| Brunei Solidarity National Party or PPKB in Malay [Haji Mohd HATTA bin
Haji Zainal Abidin, president]; note - the PPKB is the only legal political party
in Brunei; it was registered in 1985 but became largely inactive after 1988; it
was revived in 1995 and again in 1998; it has less than 200 registered party members;
other parties include Brunei People's Party or PRB (banned in 1962) and Brunei
National Democratic Party (registered in May 1965, deregistered by the Brunei
Government in 1988) |
| Bulgaria
| Bulgarian Socialist Party or BSP [Sergei STANISHEV]; Coalition for Bulgaria
or CfB (coalition of parties dominated by BSP) [Sergei STANISHEV]; Internal Macedonian
Revolutionary Organization or VMRO [Krasimir KARAKACHANOV]; Movement for Rights
and Freedoms or MRF [Ahmed DOGAN]; National Movement for Simeon II or NMS2 [Simeon
SAXE-COBURG-GOTHA]; Union of Democratic Forces or UDF [Nadezhda MIKHAYLOVA]; Union
of Free Democrats or UFD [Stefan SOFIYANSKI]; United Democratic Forces or UtdDF
(a coalition between the UDF and other center-right parties) |
|
Burkina
Faso | African Democratic Rally-Alliance for Democracy and Federation
or RDA-ADF [Herman YAMEOGO]; Confederation for Federation and Democracy or CFD
[Amadou Diemdioda DICKO]; Congress for Democracy and Progress or CDP [Roch Marc-Christian
KABORE]; Movement for Tolerance and Progress or MTP [Nayabtigungou Congo KABORE];
Party for African Independence or PAI [Philippe OUEDRAOGO]; Party for Democracy
and Progress or PDP [Joseph KI-ZERBO]; Union of Greens for the Development of
Burkina Faso or UVDB [Ram OVEDRAGO] |
| Burma
| National League for Democracy or NLD [AUNG SHWE, chairman, AUNG SAN
SUU KYI, general secretary]; National Unity Party or NUP (proregime) [THA KYAW];
Shan Nationalities League for Democracy or SNLD [KHUN TUN OO]; Union Solidarity
and Development Association or USDA (proregime, a social and political organization)
[THAN AUNG, general secretary]; and other smaller parties |
|
Burundi
| the two national, mainstream, governing parties are: Unity for National
Progress or UPRONA [Alphonse KADEGE, president]; Burundi Democratic Front or FRODEBU
[Jean MINANI, president]
note: a multiparty system was introduced
after 1998, included are: Burundi African Alliance for the Salvation or ABASA
[Terrence NSANZE]; Rally for Democracy and Economic and Social Development or
RADDES [Joseph NZEYIMANA]; Party for National Redress or PARENA [Jean-Baptiste
BAGAZA]; People's Reconciliation Party or PRP [Mathias HITIMANA] |
| Cambodia
| Buddhist Liberal Party or BLP [IENG MOULY]; Cambodian Pracheachon Party
or Cambodian People's Party or CPP [CHEA SIM]; Khmer Citizen Party or KCP [NGUON
SOEUR]; National United Front for an Independent, Neutral, Peaceful, and Cooperative
Cambodia or FUNCINPEC [Prince NORODOM RANARIDDH]; Sam Rangsi Party or SRP (formerly
Khmer Nation Party or KNP) [SAM RANGSI] |
| Cameroon
| Cameroonian Democratic Union or UDC [Adamou NDAM NJOYA]; Democratic
Rally of the Cameroon People or RDCP [Paul BIYA]; Movement for the Defense of
the Republic or MDR [Dakole DAISSALA]; Movement for the Liberation and Development
of Cameroon or MLDC [leader Marcel YONDO]; Movement for the Youth of Cameroon
or MYC [Dieudonne TINA]; National Union for Democracy and Progress or UNDP [Maigari
BELLO BOUBA]; Social Democratic Front or SDF [John FRU NDI]; Union of Cameroonian
Populations or UPC [Augustin Frederic KODOCK] |
|
Canada
| Bloc Quebecois [Gilles DUCEPPE]; Canadian Alliance [Stephen HARPER];
Liberal Party [Paul MARTIN]; New Democratic Party [Jack LAYTON]; Progressive Conservative
Party [Peter MACKAY] |
| Cape
Verde | African Party for Independence of Cape Verde or PAICV [Jose
Maria Pereira NEVES, chairman]; Democratic Alliance for Change or ADM [Dr. Eurico
MONTEIRO] (a coalition of PCD, PTS, and UCID); Democratic Christian Party or PDC
[Manuel RODRIGUES, chairman]; Democratic Renovation Party or PRD [Jacinto SANTOS,
president]; Movement for Democracy or MPD [Agostinho LOPES, president]; Party
for Democratic Convergence or PCD [Dr. Eurico MONTEIRO, president]; Party of Work
and Solidarity or PTS [Anibal MEDINA, president]; Social Democratic Party or PSD
[Joao ALEM, president] |
| Cayman
Islands | there are no formal political parties but the following
loose groupings act as political organizations; National Team [leader NA]; Democratic
Alliance [leader NA]; Team Cayman [leader NA]; United Democratic Party [leader
NA] |
| Central
African Republic | Alliance for Democracy and Progress or ADP [Jacques
MBOLIEDAS]; Central African Democratic Assembly or RDC [Andre KOLINGBA]; Civic
Forum or FC [Gen. Timothee MALENDOMA]; Democratic Forum for Modernity or FODEM
[Charles MASSI]; Liberal Democratic Party or PLD [Nestor KOMBO-NAGUEMON]; Movement
for Democracy and Development or MDD [David DACKO]; Movement for the Liberation
of the Central African People or MLPC [the party of deposed president, Ange-Felix
PATASSE]; Patriotic Front for Progress or FPP [Abel GOUMBA]; People's Union for
the Republic or UPR [Pierre Sammy MAKFOY]; National Unity Party or PUN [Jean-Paul
NGOUPANDE]; Social Democratic Party or PSD [Enoch LAKOUE] |
|
Chad
| Federation Action for the Republic or FAR [Ngarlejy YORONGAR]; National
Rally for Development and Progress or RNDP [Mamadou BISSO]; National Union for
Democracy and Renewal or UNDR [Saleh KEBZABO]; Patriotic Salvation Movement or
MPS [Mahamat Saleh AHMAT, chairman] (originally in opposition but now the party
in power and the party of the president); Union for Renewal and Democracy or URD
[Gen. Wadal Abdelkader KAMOUGUE]; Viva Rally for Development and Progress or Viva
RNDP [Delwa Kassire COUMAKOYE] |
| Chile
| Alliance for Chile ("Alianza") or APC - including RN and UDI; Christian
Democratic Party or PDC [Adolfo ZALDIVAR]; Coalition of Parties for Democracy
("Concertacion") or CPD - including PDC, PS, PPD, PRSD; Communist Party or PC
[Gladys MARIN]; Independent Democratic Union or UDI [Pablo LONGUEIRA]; National
Renewal or RN [Sebastian PINERA]; Party for Democracy or PPD [Guido GIRARDI];
Radical Social Democratic Party or PRSD [Orlando CANTUARIAS]; Socialist Party
or PS [Camilo ESCALONA] |
| China
| Chinese Communist Party or CCP [HU Jintao, General Secretary of the
Central Committee]; eight registered small parties controlled by CCP |
| Christmas
Island | none |
| Cocos
(Keeling) Islands | none |
| Colombia
| Conservative Party or PSC [Carlos HOLGUIN Sardi]; Liberal Party or PL
[Piedad CORDOBA and Juan Manuel LOPEZ Cabrales]; Colombian Communist Party or
PCC [Jaime CAICEDO]; 19 of April Movement or M-19 [Antonio NAVARRO Wolff]
note: Colombia has about 60 formally recognized political parties, most
of which do not have a presence in either house of Congress |
|
Comoros
| Forces pour l'Action Republicaine or FAR [Col. Abdourazak ABDULHAMID];
Forum pour la Redressement National or FRN (alliance of 12 parties); Front Democratique
or FD [Moustoifa Said CHEIKH]; Front National pour la Justice or FNJ (Islamic
party in opposition) [Ahmed RACHID]; Movement des Citoyens pour la Republique
or MCR [Mahamoud MRADABI]; Mouvement Populaire Anjouanais or MPA (Anjouan separatist
movement) [leader NA]; Mouvement pour la Democratie et le Progress or MDP-NGDC
[Abbas DJOUSSOUF]; Movement pour le Socialisme et la Democratie or MSD (splinter
group of FD) [Abdou SOEFOU]; Parti Comorien pour la Democratie et le Progress
or PCDP [Ali MROUDJAE]; Rassemblement National pour le Development or RND (party
of the government) [Omar TAMOU, Abdoulhamid AFFRAITANE] |
|
Congo,
Democratic Republic of the | Democratic Social Christian Party or
PDSC [Andre BO-BOLIKO]; Forces for Renovation for Union and Solidarity or FONUS
[Joseph OLENGHANKOY]; National Congolese Lumumbist Movement or MNC [Francois LUMUMBA];
Popular Movement of the Revolution or MPR (three factions: MPR-Fait Prive [Catherine
NZUZI wa Mbombo]; MPR/Vunduawe [Felix VUNDUAWE]; MPR/Mananga [MANANGA Dintoka
Mpholo]); Unified Lumumbast Party or PALU [Antoine GIZENGA]; Union for Democracy
and Social Progress or UDPS [Etienne TSHISEKEDI wa Mulumba]; Union of Federalists
and Independent Republicans or UFERI (two factions: UFERI [Lokambo OMOKOKO]; UFERI/OR
[Adolph Kishwe MAYA]) |
| Congo,
Republic of the | the most important of the many parties are the Democratic
and Patriotic Forces or FDP (an alliance of Convention for Alternative Democracy,
Congolese Labor Party or PCT, Liberal Republican Party, National Union for Democracy
and Progress, Patriotic Union for the National Reconstruction, and Union for the
National Renewal) [Denis SASSOU-NGUESSO, president]; Congolese Movement for Democracy
and Integral Development or MCDDI [Michel MAMPOUYA]; Pan-African Union for Social
Development or UPADS [Martin MBERI]; Rally for Democracy and Social Progress or
RDPS [Jean-Pierre Thystere TCHICAYA, president]; Rally for Democracy and the Republic
or RDR [Raymond Damasge NGOLLO]; Union for Democracy and Republic or UDR [leader
NA]; Union of Democratic Forces or UFD [Sebastian EBAO] |
|
Cook
Islands | Cook Islands People's Party or CIP [Geoffrey HENRY]; Democratic
Alliance Party or DAP [Terepai MAOATE]; New Alliance Party or NAP [Norman GEORGE];
Cook Islands National Party or CIN [Teariki HEATHER] |
|
Costa
Rica | Agricultural Labor Action or PALA [Carlos Alberto SOLIS Blanco];
Citizen Action Party or PAC [Otton SOLIS]; Costa Rican Renovation Party or PRC
[Justo OROZCO]; Democratic Force Party or PFD [Jose M. NUNEZ]; Libertarian Movement
Party or PML [Otto GUEVARA Guth]; National Christian Alliance Party or ANC [Alejandro
MADRIGAL]; National Independent Party or PNI [Jorge GONZALEZ Marten]; National
Integration Party or PIN [Walter MUNOZ Cespedes]; National Liberation Party or
PLN [Sonia PICADO]; Social Christian Unity Party or PUSC [Luis Manuel CHACON]
note: mainly a two-party system - PUSC and PLN - until the 3 February
2002 election in which the PAC captured a significant percentage, forcing a run-off
in April 2002 |
| Cote
d'Ivoire | Democratic Party of Cote d'Ivoire-African Democratic Rally
or PDCI-RDA [Aime Henri Konan BEDIE]; Ivorian Popular Front or FPI [Laurent GBAGBO];
Ivorian Worker's Party or PIT [Francis WODIE]; Rally of the Republicans or RDR
[Alassane OUATTARA]; Union for Democracy and Peace or UDPCI [leader NA]; over
20 smaller parties |
| Croatia
| Croatian Bloc or HB [Ivic PASALIC]; Croatian Christian Democratic Union
or HKDU [Anto KOVACEVIC]; Croatian Democratic Union or HDZ [Ivo SANADER]; Croatian
Party of Rights or HSP [Anto DJAPIC]; Croatian Peasant Party or HSS [Zlatko TOMCIC];
Croatian People's Party or HNS [Vesna PUSIC]; Croatian Social Liberal Party or
HSLS [Drazen BUDISA]; Croatian True Revival Party or HIP [Miroslav TUDJMAN]; Democratic
Centre or DC [Mate GRANIC]; Istrian Democratic Assembly or IDS [Ivan JAKOVCIC];
Liberal Party or LS [Ivo BANAC]; Party of Liberal Democrats or LIBRA [Goran GRANIC];
Social Democratic Party of Croatia or SDP [Ivica RACAN]
note: the
Social Democratic Party or SDP and the Croatian Social Liberal Party or HSLS formed
a coalition as did the HSS, HNS, LP, and IDS, which together defeated the Croatian
Democratic Union or HDZ in the 2000 lower house parliamentary election; the IDS
subsequently left the governing coalition in June 2001 over its inability to win
greater autonomy for Istria |
| Cuba
| only party - Cuban Communist Party or PCC [Fidel CASTRO Ruz, first secretary]
|
| Cyprus
| Greek Cypriot area: Democratic Party or DIKO [Tassos PAPADOPOULOS];
Democratic Rally or DISY [Nikos ANASTASIADHIS]; Fighting Democratic Movement or
ADIK [Dinos MIKHAILIDIS]; Green Party of Cyprus [George PERDIKIS]; New Horizons
[Nikolaus KOUTSOU]; Restorative Party of the Working People or AKEL (Communist
Party) [Dimitrios CHRISTOFIAS]; Social Democrats Movement or KISOS (formerly United
Democratic Union of Cyprus or EDEK) [Yiannakis OMIROU]; United Democrats Movement
or EDE [George VASSILIOU]; Turkish Cypriot area: Communal Liberation Party or
TKP [Mustafa AKINCI]; Democratic Party or DP [Serder DENKTASH]; National Birth
Party or UDP [Enver EMIN]; National Unity Party or UBP [Dervis EROGLU]; Our Party
or BP [Okyay SADIKOGLU]; Patriotic Unity Movement or YBH [Izzet IZCAN]; Republican
Turkish Party or CTP [Mehmet ALI TALAT] |
| Czech
Republic | Christian and Democratic Union-Czechoslovak People's Party
or KDU-CSL [Miroslav KALOUSEK, chairman]; Civic Democratic Alliance or ODA [Michael
ZANTOVSKY, chairman]; Civic Democratic Party or ODS [Mirek TOPOLANEK, chairman];
Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia or KSCM [Miroslav GREBENICEK, chairman];
Communist Party of Czechoslovakia or KSC [Miroslav STEPAN, chairman]; Czech National
Social Party of CSNS [Jan SULA, chairman]; Czech Social Democratic Party or CSSD
[Vladimir SPIDLA, chairman]; Freedom Union-Democratic Union or US-DEU [Petr MARES,
chairman]; Quad Coalition [Karel KUHNL, chairman] (includes KDU-CSL, US, ODA,
DEU) |
| Denmark
| Center Democratic Party [Mimi JAKOBSEN]; Christian People's Party [Marianne
KARLSMOSE]; Conservative Party (sometimes known as Conservative People's Party)
[Bendt BENDTSEN]; Danish People's Party [Pia KJAERSGAARD]; Liberal Party [Anders
Fogh RASMUSSEN]; Social Democratic Party [Mogens LYKKETOFT]; Social Liberal Party
(sometimes called the Radical Left) [Marianne JELVED, leader; Johannes LEBECH,
chairman]; Socialist People's Party [Holger K. NIELSEN]; Red-Green Unity List
(bloc includes Left Socialist Party, Communist Party of Denmark, Socialist Workers'
Party) [collective leadership] |
| Djibouti
| Democratic National Party or PND [ADEN Robleh Awaleh]; Democratic Renewal
Party or PRD [Abdillahi HAMARITEH]; Djibouti Development Party or PDD [Mohamed
Daoud CHEHEM]; Front pour la Restauration de l'Unite Democratique or FRUD [Ali
Mohamed DAOUD]; People's Progress Assembly or RPP (governing party) [Ismail Omar
GUELLEH]; Peoples Social Democratic Party or PPSD [Moumin Bahdon FARAH]; Republican
Alliance for Democracy or ARD [Ahmed Dini AHMED]; Union for Democracy and Justice
or UDJ [leader NA] |
| Dominica
| Dominica Freedom Party or DFP [Charles SAVARIN]; Dominica Labor Party
or DLP [Pierre CHARLES]; United Workers Party or UWP [Edison JAMES] |
| Dominican
Republic | Dominican Liberation Party or PLD [Leonel FERNANDEZ Reyna];
Dominican Revolutionary Party or PRD [Hatuey DE CAMPS]; Social Christian Reformist
Party or PRSC [Eduardo ESTRELLA] |
| East
Timor | Associacao Social-Democrata Timorense or ASDT [Francisco Xavier
do AMARAL]; Christian Democratic Party of Timor or PDC [Antonio XIMENES]; Christian
Democratic Union of Timor or UDC [Vicente da Silva GUTERRES]; Democratic Party
or PD [Fernando de ARAUJO]; Liberal Party or PL [leader NA]; Maubere Democratic
Party or PDM [leader NA]; People's Party of Timor or PPT [Jacob XAVIER]; Revolutionary
Front of Independent East Timor or FRETILIN [Lu OLO]; Social Democrat Party of
East Timor or PSD [Mario CARRASCALAO]; Socialist Party of Timor or PST [leader
NA]; Sons of the Mountain Warriors (also known as Association of Timorese Heroes)
or KOTA [Clementino dos Reis AMARAL]; Timor Democratic Union or UDT [Joao CARRASCALAO];
Timor Labor Party or PTT [Paulo Freitas DA SILVA]; Timorese Nationalist Party
or PNT [Abilio ARAUJO]; Timorese Popular Democratic Association or APODETI [Frederico
Almeida-Santos DA COSTA] |
| Ecuador
| Concentration of Popular Forces or CFP [Averroes BUCARAM]; Democratic
Left or ID [Rodrigo BORJA Cevallos]; National Action Institutional Renewal Party
or PRIAN [leader NA]; Pachakutik Movement [Miguel LLUCO]; Patriotic Society Party
or PSP [leader NA]; Popular Democracy or DP [Dr. Juan Manuel FUERTES]; Popular
Democratic Movement or MPD [Gustavo TERAN Acosta]; Radical Alfarista Front or
FRA [Fabian ALARCON, director]; Roldosist Party or PRE [Abdala BUCARAM Ortiz,
director]; Social Christian Party or PSC [Pascual DEL CIOPPO]; Socialist Party
or PS [leader NA] |
| Egypt
| Nasserist Arab Democratic Party or Nasserists [Dia' al-din DAWUD]; National
Democratic Party or NDP [President Mohammed Hosni MUBARAK] - governing party;
National Progressive Unionist Grouping or Tagammu [Khalid MUHI AL-DIN]; New Wafd
Party or NWP [No'man GOMA]; Socialist Liberal Party or LSP [leader NA]
note:
formation of political parties must be approved by the government |
| El
Salvador | Christian Democratic Party or PDC [Rodolfo PARKER]; Democratic
Convergence or CD [Ruben ZAMORA, secretary general] (includes Social Democratic
Party or PSD [Juan MEDRANO, leader); Democratic Party or PD [Jorge MELENDEZ];
Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front or FMLN [Fabio CASTILLO]; Liberal Democratic
Party or PLD [Kirio Waldo SALGADO, president]; National Action Party or PAN [Gustavo
Rogelio SALINAS, secretary general]; National Conciliation Party or PCN [Ciro
CRUZ Zepeda, president]; National Republican Alliance or ARENA [Walter ARAUJO];
Social Christian Union or USC (formed by the merger of Christian Social Renewal
Party or PRSC and Unity Movement or MU) [Abraham RODRIGUEZ, president] |
| Equatorial
Guinea | Convergence Party for Social Democracy or CPDS [Placido MIKO
Abogo]; Democratic Party for Equatorial Guinea or PDGE (ruling party) [Teodoro
OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO]; Party for Progress of Equatorial Guinea or PPGE [Severo
MOTO]; Popular Action of Equatorial Guinea or APGE [Miguel Esono EMAN]; Popular
Union or UP [Andres Moises Bda ADA]; Progressive Democratic Alliance or ADP [Victorino
Bolekia BONAY]; Union of Independent Democrats of UDI [Daniel OYONO] |
| Eritrea
| People's Front for Democracy and Justice or PFDJ, the only party recognized
by the government [ISAIAS Afworki]; note - a National Assembly committee drafted
a law on political parties in January 2001, but the full National Assembly has
not yet debated or voted on it |
| Estonia
| Center Party of Estonia (Keskerakond) [Edgar SAVISAAR, chairman]; Estonian
People's Union (Rahvaliit) [Villu REILJAN]; Estonian Reform Party (Reformierakond)
[Siim KALLAS]; Estonian United Russian People's Party or EUVRP [leader NA]; Moderates
(Moodukad) [Ivari PADAR]; Pro Patria Union (Isamaaliit) [Tunne KELAM, chairman];
Res Publica [Juhan PARTS]; Russian Baltic Party [Sergei IVANOV] |
| Ethiopia
| Afar National Democratic Party or ANDP [leader NA]; Amhara National
Democratic Movement or ANDM [ADDISU Legesse]; Bench Madji People's Democratic
Organization or BMPDO [leader NA]; Benishangul Gumuz People's Democratic Unity
Front or BGPDUF [leader NA]; Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front
or EPRDF [MELES Zenawi] (an alliance of ANDM, OPDO, SEPDF, and TPLF); Gedeyo People's
Revolutionary Democratic Front or GPRDF [leader NA]; Gurage Nationalities' Democratic
Movement or GNDM [leader NA]; Kafa Shaka People's Democratic Organization or KSPDO
[leader NA]; Kembata, Alabaa and Tembaro or KAT [leader NA]; Oromo People's Democratic
Organization or OPDO [JUNEDI Sado]; Sidamo People's Democratic Organization or
SPDO [leader NA]; South Omo People's Democratic Movement or SOPDM [leader NA];
Tigrayan People's Liberation Front or TPLF [MELES Zenawi]; Walayta, Gamo, Gofa,
Dawro, and Konta People's Democratic Organization or WGGPDO [leader NA]; dozens
of small parties |
| Falkland
Islands (Islas Malvinas) | none; all independents |
| Faroe
Islands | Center Party [Tordur NICLASEN]; Home Rule Party [Helena
Dam a NEYSTABO]; People's Party [Oli BRECKMANN]; Republican Party [Finnabogi ISAKSON];
Social Democratic Party [Joannes EIDESGAARD]; Union Party [Edmund JOENSEN] |
| Fiji
| Bai Kei Viti Party or BKV [Ratu Tevita MOMOEDONU]; Conservative Alliance
Party/Matanitu Vanua or MV [Ratu Rakuita VAKALALABURE]; Dodonu Ni Taukei Party
or DNT [Fereti S. DEWA]; Fiji Democratic Party or FDP [Felipe BOLE] (a merger
of the Christian Democrat Alliance or VLV [Poesci Waqalevu BUNE], Fijian Association
Party or FAP [Adi Kuini SPEED], Fijian Political Party or SVT (primarily Fijian)
[Felipe BOLE], and New Labor Unity Party or NLUP [Tupeni BABA]); Fiji Labor Party
or FLP [Mahendra CHAUDRHRY]; General Voters Party or GVP [leader NA] (became part
of United General Party); Girmit Heritage Party or GHP [leader NA]; Justice and
Freedom Party or AIM [leader NA]; Lio 'On Famor Rotuma Party or LFR [leader NA];
National Federation Party or NFP (primarily Indian) [Pramond RAE]; Nationalist
Vanua Takolavo Party or NVTLP [Saula TELAWA]; Party of National Unity or PANU
[Meli BOGILEKA]; Party of the Truth or POTT [leader NA]; United Fiji Party/Sogosogo
Duavata ni Lewenivanua or SDL [Laisenia QARASE]; United General Party or UGP [Millis
Mick BEDDOES] |
| Finland
| Center Party or Kesk [Matti VANHANEN]; Christian Democrats or KD [Bjarne
KALLIS]; Green League or VIHR [Osmo SOININVAARA]; Left Alliance or VAS (Communist)
composed of People's Democratic League and Democratic Alternative [Suvi-Anne SIIMES];
National Coalition (conservative) Party or Kok [Ville ITALA]; Social Democratic
Party or SDP [Paavo LIPPONEN]; Swedish People's Party or SFP [Jan-Erik ENESTAM]
|
| France
| Citizen and Republican Movement or MCR [Jean Pierre CHEVENEMENT]; Democratic
and European Social Rally or RDSE (mainly RAD and PRG) [leader NA]; French Communist
Party or PCF [Marie-George BUFFET]; Left Radical Party or PRG (previously Radical
Socialist Party or PRS and the Left Radical Movement or MRG) [Jean-Michel BAYLET];
Liberal Democracy or DL (originally Republican Party or PR; now merged into the
UMP) [Alain MADELIN]; Movement for France or MPF [Philippe DE VILLIERS]; Rally
for France or RPF [Charles PASQUA]; Rally for the Republic or RPR (merged into
UMP) [Serge LEPELTIER]; Socialist Party or PS [Francois HOLLANDE]; Greens [Martine
BILLARD, Denis BAUPIN, Stephane POCRAIN, Maryse ARDITI]; Union for French Democracy
or UDF (coalition of DL, CDS, UDF, RP, and other parties) [Francois BAYROU]; Union
for a Popular Movement or UMP (including RPR, DL, and a part of UDF) [Alain JUPPE]
|
| French
Guiana | Guyanese Democratic Action or ADG [Andre LECANTE]; Guyanese
Socialist Party or PSG [Marie-Claude VERDAN]; Guyana Democratic Forces or FDG
[Georges OTHILY]; Popular National Guyanese Party or PNPG [Jose DORCY]; Rally
for the Republic or RPR [Roland HO-WEN-SZE]; Socialist Party or PS [Pierre RIBARDIERE];
Walwari Committee [Christine TAUBIRA-DELANON] |
|
French
Polynesia | Independent Front for the Liberation of Polynesia (Tavini
Huiraatira) [Oscar TEMARU]; New Fatherland Party (Ai'a Api) [Emile VERNAUDON];
People's Rally for the Republic of Polynesia or RPR (Tahoeraa Huiraatira) [Gaston
FLOSSE]; The New Star (Te Fetia Api) [leader NA] |
|
Gabon
| Circle of Liberal Reformers or CLR [General Jean Boniface ASSELE]; Democratic
and Republican Alliance or ADERE [Divungui-di-Ndinge DIDJOB]; Gabonese Democratic
Party or PDG, former sole party [Simplice Nguedet MANZELA]; Gabonese Party for
Progress or PGP [Pierre-Louis AGONDJO-OKAWE,]; National Rally of Woodcutters-Rally
for Gabon or RNB-RPG (Bucherons) [Fr. Paul M'BA-ABESSOLE]; People's Unity Party
or PUP [Louis Gaston MAYILA]; Rally for Democracy and Progress or RDP [Pierre
EMBONI]; Social Democratic Party or PSD [Pierre Claver MAGANGA-MOUSSAVOU] |
| Gambia,
The | Alliance for Patriotic Reorientation and Construction or APRC
[Yahya A. J. J. JAMMEH]; Gambian People's Party-Progressive People's Party-United
Democratic Party or GPP-PPP-UDP Coalition [Ousainou DARBOE]; National Convention
Party or NCP [Sheriff DIBBA]; National Reconciliation Party or NRP [Hamat N. K.
BAH]; People's Democratic Organization for Independence and Socialism or PDOIS
[Sidia JATTA]
note: in August 2001, an independent electoral commission
allowed the reregistration of the GPP, NCP, and PPP, three parties banned since
1996 |
| Georgia
| Citizen's Union of Georgia or CUG [Avtandil JORBENADZE]; Georgian People's
Front [Nodar NATADZE]; Georgian United Communist Party or UCPG [Panteleimon GIORGADZE];
Greens [Giorgi GACHECHILADZE]; Industry Will Save Georgia or IWSG [Georgi TOPADZE];
Labor Party [Shalva NATELASHVILI]; National Democratic Party or NDP [Irina SARISHVILI-CHANTURIA];
New National Movement [Mikheil SAAKASHVILI]; New Right [Levaii GACHECHILADZE];
Republican Party [David BERDZENISHVILI]; "Revival" Union Party or AGUR [Alsan
ABASHIDZE]; Socialist Party or SPG [Irakli MINDELI]; Traditionalists [Akaki ASATIANI]
|
| Germany
| Alliance '90/Greens [Angelika BEER and Reinhard BUETIKOFER]; Christian
Democratic Union or CDU [Angela MERKEL]; Christian Social Union or CSU [Edmund
STOIBER, chairman]; Free Democratic Party or FDP [Guido WESTERWELLE, chairman];
Party of Democratic Socialism or PDS [Lothar BISKY]; Social Democratic Party or
SPD [Gerhard SCHROEDER, chairman] |
| Ghana
| Convention People's Party or CPP [Nii Noi DOWUONA, general secretary];
Every Ghanaian Living Everywhere or EGLE [Owuraku AMOFA, chairman]; Great Consolidated
Popular Party or GCPP [Dan LARTY]; National Convention Party or NCP [Sarpong KUMA-KUMA];
National Democratic Congress or NDC [Dr. Huudu YAHAYA, general secretary]; New
Patriotic Party or NPP [Samuel Arthur ODOI-SYKES]; People's Convention Party or
PCP [P. K. DONKOH-AYIFI, acting chairman]; People's Heritage Party or PHP [Emmanuel
Alexander ERSKINE]; People's National Convention or PNC [Edward MAHAMA]; Reform
Party [Kyeretwie OPUKU, general secretary] |
| Gibraltar
| Gibraltar Liberal Party [Joseph GARCIA]; Gibraltar Social Democrats
or GSD [Peter CARUANA]; Gibraltar Socialist Labor Party or GSLP [Joseph John BOSSANO]
|
| Greece
| Coalition of the Left and Progress (Synaspismos) [Nikolaos KONSTANTOPOULOS];
Communist Party of Greece or KKE [Aleka PAPARIGA]; New Democracy or ND (conservative)
[Konstandinos KARAMANLIS]; Panhellenic Socialist Movement or PASOK [Konstandinos
SIMITIS] |
| Greenland
| Akulliit Party [Bjarne KREUTZMANN]; Atassut Party (Solidarity, a conservative
party favoring continuing close relations with Denmark) [Augusta SALLING]; Demokratiit
[Per BERTHELSEN]; Inuit Ataqatigiit or IA (Eskimo Brotherhood, a leftist party
favoring complete independence from Denmark rather than home rule) [Josef MOTZFELDT];
Issituup (Polar Party) [Nicolai HEINRICH]; Kattusseqatigiit (Candidate List, an
independent right-of-center party with no official platform [leader NA]; Siumut
(Forward Party, a social democratic party advocating more distinct Greenlandic
identity and greater autonomy from Denmark) [Hans ENOKSEN] |
|
Grenada
| Grenada United Labor Party or GULP [Herbert PREUDHOMME]; National Democratic
Congress or NDC [leader vacant]; New National Party or NNP [George McGUIRE]; People
Labor Movement or PLM [leader NA] |
| Guadeloupe
| Communist Party of Guadeloupe or PCG [Mona CADOCE]; FGPS [Dominique
LARIFLA]; Progressive Democratic Party or PPDG [Henri BANGOU]; Rally for the Republic
or RPR (may have become UMP) [Lucette MICHAUX-CHEVRY]; Socialist Party or PS [Georges
LOUISOR]; Union for French Democracy or UDF [Marcel ESDRAS] |
|
Guam
| Democratic Party (controls the legislature) [speaker, Vicente (Ben)
PANGELINAN]; Republican Party (party of Governor CAMACHO) [leader NA] |
| Guatemala
| Authentic Integral Development or DIA [Eduardo SUGER]; Democratic Union
or UD [Rodolfo PAIZ Andrade]; Grand National Alliance or GANA [leader NA]; Green
Party or LOV [Rodolfo ROSALES Garcis-Salaz]; Guatemalan Christian Democracy or
DCG [Vinicio CEREZO Arevalo]; Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity or URNG
[Secretary General Alba ESTELA Maldonado]; Guatemalan Republican Front or FRG
[Efrain RIOS Montt]; Movement for Guatemalan Unity or MGU [Jacobo ARBENZ Villanueva];
Movement for Principals and Values or MPV [Francisco BIANCHI]; National Advancement
Party or PAN [Secretary General Leonel LOPEZ Rodas]; National Unity for Hope or
UNE [Alvarado COLOM Caballeros]; New Nation Alliance or ANN, formed by an alliance
of DIA, URNG, and several splinter groups most of whom subsequently defected [led
by three co-equal partners - Nineth Varenca MONTENEGRO Cottom, Rodolfo BAUER Paiz,
and Jorge Antonio BALSELLS TUT]; Patriot Party or PP [retired General Otto PEREZ
Molina]; Progressive Liberator Party or PLP [Acisclo VALLADARES Molina]; Reform
Movement or MR [Secretary General Alfredo SKINNER-KLEE]; Unionista Party [leader
NA] |
| Guernsey
| none; all independents |
| Guinea
| Democratic Party of Guinea-African Democratic Rally or PDG-RDA [El Hadj
Ismael Mohamed Gassim GUSHEIN]; National Union for Progress or UNP [Paul Louis
FABER]; Party for Unity and Progress or PUP [Lansana CONTE] - the governing party;
People's Party of Guinea or PPG [Pascal TOLNO]; Rally for the Guinean People or
RPG [Alpha CONDE]; Union for Progress and Renewal or UPR [Siradiou DIALLO]; Union
for Progress of Guinea or UPG [Jean-Marie DORE, secretary-general]; Union of Republican
Forces or UFR [Sidya TOURE] |
| Guinea-Bissau
| African Party for the Independence of Guinea-Bissau and Cape Verde or
PAIGC [Francisco BENANTE]; Front for the Liberation and Independence of Guinea
or FLING [Francois MENDY]; Guinea-Bissau Resistance-Ba Fata Movement or RGB-MB
[Helder Vaz LOPES]; Guinean Civic Forum or FCG [Antonieta Rosa GOMES]; International
League for Ecological Protection or LIPE [Alhaje Bubacar DJALO, president]; National
Union for Democracy and Progress or UNDP [Abubacer BALDE, secretary general];
Party for Democratic Convergence or PCD [Victor MANDINGA]; Social Renovation Party
or PRS [Kumba YALA]; Union for Change or UM [Jorge MANDINGA, president, Dr. Anne
SAAD, secretary general]; United Social Democratic Party or PUSD [Victor Sau'de
MARIA] |
| Guyana
| Alliance for Guyana or AFG (includes Guyana Labor Party or GLP and Working
People's Alliance or WPA) [Rupert ROOPNARAINE]; Guyana Action Party or GAP [Paul
HARDY]; Guyana Labor Party or GLP [leader NA]; People's National Congress or PNC/R
[Robert Herman Orlando CORBIN]; People's Progressive Party/Civic or PPP/C [Bharrat
JAGDEO]; Rise, Organize, and Rebuild or ROAR [Ravi DEV]; The United Force or TUF
[Manzoor NADIR]; Working People's Alliance or WPA [Rupert ROOPNARAINE] |
| Haiti
| Alliance for the Liberation and Advancement of Haiti or ALAH [Reynold
GEORGES]; Assembly of Progressive National Democrats or RDNP [Leslie MANIGAT];
Convergence (opposition coalition composed of ESPACE, OPL, and MOCHRENA) [Gerard
PIERRE-CHARLES, Evans PAUL, Luc MESADIEU, Victor BENOIT]; Democratic Consultation
Group coalition or ESPACE [Evans PAUL, Victor BENOIT] composed of the following
parties: National Congress of Democratic Movements or KONAKOM, National Progressive
Revolutionary Party or PANPRA, Generation 2004, and Haiti Can; Haitian Christian
Democratic Party or PDCH [Marie-France CLAUDE]; Haitian Democratic Party or PADEM
[Clark PARENT]; Lavalas Family or FL [Jean-Bertrand ARISTIDE]; Mobilization for
National Development or MDN [Hubert DE RONCERAY]; Movement for National Reconstruction
or MRN [Rene THEODORE]; Movement for the Installation of Democracy in Haiti or
MIDH [Marc BAZIN]; Movement for the Organization of the Country or MOP [Gesner
COMEAU and Jean MOLIERE]; National Cooperative Action Movement or MKN [Volrick
Remy JOSEPH]; National Front for Change and Democracy or FNCD [Evans PAUL and
Turneb DELPE]; New Christian Movement for a New Haiti or MOCHRENA [Luc MESADIEU];
Open the Gate or PLB [Renaud BERNARDIN]; Struggling People's Organization or OPL
[Gerard PIERRE-CHARLES] |
| Holy
See (Vatican City) | none |
| Honduras
| Christian Democratic Party or PDC [Dr. Hernan CORRALES Padilla]; Democratic
Unification Party or PUD [leader NA]; Liberal Party or PL [Roberto MICHELETTI
Bain]; National Innovation and Unity Party-Social Democratic Party or PINU-SD
[Olban F. VALLADARES]; National Party of Honduras or PN [Raphael CALLEJAS] |
| Hong
Kong | Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood [Frederick
FUNG Kin-kee, chairman]; Citizens Party [Alex CHAN Kai-chung]; Democratic Alliance
for the Betterment of Hong Kong [Jasper TSANG Yok-sing, chairman]; Democratic
Party [Martin LEE Chu-ming, chairman]; Frontier Party [Emily LAU Wai-hing, chairwoman];
Hong Kong Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood [leader NA]; Hong
Kong Progressive Alliance [Ambrose LAU Hon-chuen]; Liberal Party [James TIEN Pei-chun,
chairman]; New Century Forum [NQ Ching-fai, chairman]
note: political
blocs include: pro-democracy - Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood,
Citizens Party, Democratic Party, Frontier Party; pro-Beijing - Democratic Alliance
for the Betterment of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Progressive Alliance, Liberal Party,
New Century Forum |
| Hungary
| Alliance of Free Democrats or SzDSz [Gabor KUNCZE]; Christian Democratic
People's Party or KDNP [Laszlo VARGA, chairman]; Hungarian Civic Alliance or Fidesz-MPP
[Jozsef SZASER, chairman]; Hungarian Democratic Forum or MDF [Ibolya DAVID]; Hungarian
Democratic People's Party or MDNP [Erzsebet PUSZTAI, chairman]; Hungarian Justice
and Life Party or MIEP [Istvan CSURKA, chairman]; Hungarian Socialist Party or
MSzP [Laszlo KOVACS, chairman]; Hungarian Workers' Party or MMP [Gyula THURMER,
chairman] |
| Iceland
| Independence Party or IP [David ODDSSON]; Left-Green Alliance or LGP
[Steingrimur SIGFUSSON]; Liberal Party or LP [Gudjon KRISTJANSSON]; Progressive
Party or PP [Halldor ASGRIMSSON]; Social Democratic Alliance (includes People's
Alliance or PA, Social Democratic Party or SDP, Women's List)or SDA [Ossur SKARPHEDINSSON];
Social Democratic Party or SDP [Sighvatur BJORGVINSSON]; Women's List or WL [Kristin
ASTGEIRSDOTTIR] |
| India
| All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam or AIADMK [C. Jayalalitha JAYARAM];
All India Forward Bloc or AIFB, [D. BISWAS (general secretary)]; Asom Gana Parishad
[Brindaban GOSWAMI]; Bahujan Samaj Party or BSP [MAYAWATI]; Bharatiya Janata Party
or BJP [Jana KRISNAMURTHY]; Biju Janata Dal or BJD [Naveen PATNAIK]; Communist
Party of India or CPI [Ardhendu Bhushan BARDHAN]; Communist Party of India/Marxist-Leninist
or CPI/ML [Dipankar BHATTACHARYA]; Congress (I) Party [Sonia GANDHI]; Dravida
Munnetra Kazagham or DMK (a regional party in Tamil Nadu) [M. KARUNANIDHI]; Indian
National League [Suliaman SAITH]; Janata Dal (Secular) [H. D. Deve GOWDA]; Janata
Dal (United) or JDU [Sharad YADAV]; Kerala Congress (Mani faction) [K. M. MANI];
Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam or MDMK [VAIKO]; Muslim League [G. M. BANATWALA];
Nationalist Congress Party or NCP [Sharad PAWAR]; Rashtriya Janata Dal or RJD
[Laloo Prasad YADAV]; Revolutionary Socialist Party or RSP [Abani ROY]; Samajwadi
Party or SP [Mulayam Singh YADAV]; Shiromani Akali Dal [G. S. TOHRA]; Shiv Sena
[Bal THACKERAY]; Tamil Maanila Congress [G. K. VASAN]; Telugu Desam Party or TDP
[Chandrababu NAIDU]; Trinamool Congress [Mamata BANERJEE] |
|
Indonesia
| Crescent Moon and Star Party or PBB [Yusril Ihza MAHENDRA, chairman];
Federation of Functional Groups or Golkar [Akbar TANDJUNG, general chairman];
Indonesia Democracy Party-Struggle or PDI-P [MEGAWATI Sukarnoputri, chairperson];
National Awakening Party or PKB [Alwi SHIHAB, chairman]; National Mandate Party
or PAN [Amien RAIS, chairman]; Prosperous Justice Party or PKS [Hidayat NUR WAHID,
chairman]; United Development Party or PPP (federation of former Islamic parties)
[Hamzah HAZ, chairman] |
| Iran
| a loose pro-reform coalition called the 2nd Khordad front achieved considerable
success at elections to the sixth Majles in early 2000, and groups in the coalition
include: Islamic Iran Participation Front (IIPF); Executives of Construction Party
(Kargozaran); Solidarity Party; Mojahedin of the Islamic Revolution Organization
(MIRO); and Militant Clerics Society (Ruhaniyun); a new apparently conservative
group, the Builders of Islamic Iran, emerged at the local level in early 2003
|
| Iraq
| in transition following April 2003 defeat of SADDAM Husayn regime by
US-led coalition |
| Ireland
| Fianna Fail [Bertie AHERN]; Fine Gael [Enda KENNY]; Green Party [Trevor
SARGENT]; Labor Party [Pat RABITTE]; Progressive Democrats [Mary HARNEY]; Sinn
Fein [Gerry ADAMS]; Socialist Party [Joe HIGGINS]; The Workers' Party [Sean GARLAND]
|
| Israel
| Center Party [Dan MERIDOR]; Democratic Front for Peace and Equality
(Hadash) [Muhammad BARAKA]; Democratic Movement [Roman BRONFMAN]; Gesher [David
LEVI]; Green Leaf Party [Boaz WACHTEL and Shlomi SANDAK]; Herut [Michael KLEINER];
Labor Party [Binyamin BEN-ELIEZER]; Likud Party [Ariel SHARON]; Meimad [Rabbi
Michael MELCHIOR]; Meretz [Yossi SARID]; National Democratic Alliance (Balad)
[Azmi BISHARA]; National Religious Party [Yitzhak LEVY]; National Union [Benyamin
ELON] (includes Tekuma and Moledet); One Israel [Ra'anan COHEN]; One Nation [Amir
PERETZ]; Shas [Eliyahu YISHAI]; Shinui [Tommy LAPID]; United Arab List [Abd al-Malik
DAHAMSHAH]; United Torah Judaism [Meir PORUSH]; Yisra'el Ba'Aliya or YBA [Natan
SHARANSKY]; Yisra'el Beiteinu [Avigdor LIEBERMAN] |
|
Italy
| Center-Left Olive Tree Coalition [Francesco RUTELLI] - Democrats of
the Left, Daisy Alliance (including Italian Popular Party, Italian Renewal, Union
of Democrats for Europe, The Democrats), Sunflower Alliance (including Green Federation,
Italian Democratic Socialists), Italian Communist Party; Center-Right Freedom
House Coalition [Silvio BERLUSCONI] (formerly House of Liberties and Freedom Alliance)
- Forza Italia, National Alliance, The Whiteflower Alliance (includes Christian
Democratic Center, United Christian Democrats), Northern League; Christian Democratic
Center or CCD [Marco FOLLINI]; Democrats of the Left or DS [Piero FASSINO]; Forza
Italia or FI [Silvio BERLUSCONI]; Green Federation [Alfonso Pecoraro SCANIO];
Italian Communist Party or PdCI [Armando COSSUTTA]; Italian Popular Party or PPI
[Pierluigi CASTAGNETTI]; Italian Renewal or RI [Lamberto DINI]; Italian Social
Democrats or SDI [Enrico BOSELLI]; Socialist Movement-Tricolor Flame or MS-Fiamma
[Pino RAUTI]; National Alliance or AN [Gianfranco FINI]; Northern League or NL
[Umberto BOSSI]; Southern Tyrols People's Party or SVP (German speakers) [Siegfried
BRUGGER]; Sunflower Alliance (includes Green Federation, Italian Social Democrats);
The Daisy Alliance (includes Italian Popular Party, Italian Renewal, Union of
Democrats for Europe, The Democrats); The Democrats [Arturo PARISI]; The Radicals
(formerly Pannella Reformers and Autonomous List) [Marco PANNELLA]; The Whiteflower
Alliance (includes Christian Democratic Center, United Christian Democrats); Union
of Democrats for Europe or UDEUR [Clemente MASTELLA]; United Christian Democrats
or CDU [Rocco BUTTIGLIONE] |
| Jamaica
| Jamaica Labor Party or JLP [Edward SEAGA]; National Democratic Movement
or NDM [Bruce GOLDING]; People's National Party or PNP [Percival James PATTERSON]
|
| Japan
| Democratic Party of Japan or DPJ [Naoto KAN, leader; Katsuya OKADA,
secretary general]; Japan Communist Party or JCP [Kazuo SHII, chairman; Tadayoshi
ICHIDA, secretary general]; Komeito [Takenori KANZAKI, president; Tetsuzo FUYUSHIBA,
secretary general]; Liberal Democratic Party or LDP [Junichiro KOIZUMI, president;
Shinzo ABE, secretary general]; Social Democratic Party or SDP [Mizuho FUKUSHIMA,
chairperson; Seiji MATAICHI, secretary general] |
|
Jersey
| none; all independents |
| Jordan
| Al-Umma (Nation) Party [Ahmad al-HANANDEH, secretary general]; Arab
Land Party [Dr. Muhammad al-'ORAN, secretary general]; Communist Party [Munir
HAMARINAH, secretary general]; Constitutional Front [Mahdi al-TALL, secretary
general]; Jordanian Democratic Popular Unity Party [Sa'id DHIYAB, secretary general];
Jordanian Progressive Party [Fawwaz al-ZUBI, secretary general]; Jordanian People's
Democratic (Hashd) Party [Salim al-NAHHAS, secretary general]; Islamic Action
Front [Hazma MANSOUR, secretary general]; National Action (Haqq) Party [Muhammad
al-ZUBI, secretary general]; National Constitutional Party [Abdul Hadi MAJALI,
secretary general]; (Arab) Socialist Ba'th Party [Taysif al-HIMSI, secretary general];
Pan-Arab (Democratic) Movement [Mahmud al-NUWAYHI, secretary general] |
| Kazakhstan
| Agrarian Party [Romin MADINOV]; Ak Zhol Party "White Road" [Bulat ABILOV,
Uraz ZHANDOSOV, Zhanat YERTLESOVA, cofounders]; AUL "Village" [leader NA]; Civic
Party [Azat PERUASHEV, first secretary]; Communist Party or KPK [Serikbolsyn ABDILDIN,
first secretary]; Otan "Fatherland" [Gani YESIMOV, chairman]; Patriots' Party
[Gani KASYMOV]
note: only seven parties in Kazakhstan have been registered
under the new political party law passed in July 2002 |
|
Kenya
| Forum for the Restoration of Democracy-People or FORD-People [Kimaniwa
NYOIKE, chairman]; Kenya African National Union or KANU [Uhuru KENYATTA]; National
Rainbow Coalition or NARC [Mwai KIBAKI] - the governing party |
| Kiribati
| Boutokaan Te Koaua Party or BTK [Taberannang TIMEON]; Maneaban Te Mauri
Party or MTM [Teburoro TITO]; Maurin Kiribati Pati or MKP [leader NA]; National
Progressive Party or NPP [Dr. Harry TONG]
note: there is no tradition
of formally organized political parties in Kiribati; they more closely resemble
factions or interest groups because they have no party headquarters, formal platforms,
or party structures |
| Korea,
North | Chondoist Chongu Party [YU Mi-yong, chairwoman]; Social Democratic
Party [KIM Yong-tae, chairman]; major party - Korean Workers' Party or KWP [KIM
Chong-il, general secretary] |
| Korea,
South | Democratic People's Party or DPP [leader NA]; Grand National
Party or GNP [CH'OE Pyong-ryol, chairman]; Millennium Democratic Party or MDP
[CHO Sun-hyong, chairman]; United Liberal Democrats or ULD [KIM Chong-p'il, president];
Uri Party [KIM Kun-t'ae, chairman] |
| Kuwait
| none; formation of political parties is illegal |
|
Kyrgyzstan
| Agrarian Labor Party of Kyrgyzstan [Uson S. SYDYKOV]; Agrarian Party
of Kyrgyzstan [Arkin ALIYEV]; Ata-Meken or Fatherland [Omurbek TEKEBAYEV]; Banner
National Revival Party or ASABA [Chaprashty BAZARBAY]; Democratic Movement of
Kyrgyzstan or DDK [Jypar JEKSHEYEV]; Democratic Women's Party of Kyrgyzstan [T.
A. SHAILIYEVA]; Dignity Party [Feliks KULOV]; Erkin Kyrgyzstan Progressive and
Democratic Party [Tursunbay Bakir UULU]; Justice Party [Chingiz AYTMATOV]; Movement
for the People's Salvation [Jumgalbek AMAMBAYEV]; Mutual Help Movement or Ashar
[Jumagazy USUPOV]; My Country Party of Action [Almazbek ISMANKULOV]; National
Unity Democratic Movement or DDNE [Yury RAZGULYAYEV]; Party of Communists of Kyrgyzstan
or KCP [Absamat M. MASALIYEV]; Party of the Veterans of the War in Afghanistan
[leader NA]; Peasant Party [leader NA]; People's Party [Melis ESHIMKANOV]; Republican
Popular Party of Kyrgyzstan [J. SHARSHENALIYEV]; Social Democratic Party or PSD
[J. IBRAMOV]; Union of Democratic Forces (composed of Social Democratic Party
of Kyrgyzstan or PSD [J. IBRAMOV], Economic Revival Party, and Birimdik Party)
|
| Laos
| Lao People's Revolutionary Party or LPRP [KHAMTAI Siphandon, party president];
other parties proscribed |
| Latvia
| Alliance of the Greens and Farmers Union or ZZS [Augusts BRIGMANIS (Farmer's
Union); Indulis EMSIS (Green Party)]; CENTER Political Alliance [Juris CELMINS];
First Party of Latvia [Eriks JEKABSONS]; For Fatherland and Freedom or LNNK [Maris
GRINBLATS]; For Human Rights in a United Latvia or PCTVL [Janis JURKANS], a coalition
of the People's Harmony Party or TSP, the Latvian Socialist Party or LSP, and
the Equal Rights Movement; Freedom Party [Ziedonis CEVERS]; Land of Mara [Irena
SAPROVSKA]; Latvian Rebirth Party [Andris RUBINS]; Latvian Social-Democratic Workers
Party (Social Democrats) or LSDSP [Juris BOJARS]; Latvia's Way Union or LC [Janis
NAGLIS]; Light of Latgale or LG [Rihards EIGIMS]; New Era Party [Einars REPSE];
Our Land Party [Ilmars ANCANS]; Party of Latvians [Aivars GARDA]; People's Party
[Andris SKELE]; Progressive Center Party [Inta STAMGUTE]; Russian Party [Mihails
GAVRILOVS]; Social Democratic Union or SDS [Egils BALDZENS]; Social Democratic
Welfare Party or SLP [Juris ZURAVLOVS]; United Republican Party of Latvia or LARP
[Eriks Andrejs SAULUNS, Janis PUKIS, Sarmite JEGERE] |
|
Lebanon
| political party activity is organized along largely sectarian lines;
numerous political groupings exist, consisting of individual political figures
and followers motivated by religious, clan, and economic considerations |
| Lesotho
| Basotho Congress Party or BCP [Tseliso MAKHAKHE]; Basotho National Party
or BNP [Maj. Gen. Justine Metsing LEKHANYA]; Lesotho Congress for Democracy or
LCD [Phebe MOTEBANO, chairwoman; Pakalitha MOSISILI, leader] - the governing party;
Lesotho People's Congress or LPC [Kelebone MAOPE]; United Democratic Party or
UDP [Charles MOFELI]; Marematlou Freedom Party or MFP and Setlamo Alliance [Vincent
MALEBO]; Progressive National Party or PNP [Chief Peete Nkoebe PEETE]; Sefate
Democratic Party or SDP [Bofihla NKUEBE] |
| Liberia
| Alliance of Political Parties (a coalition of LAP and LUP) [leader NA];
All Liberia Coalition Party or ALCOP [Peter KERBAY]; Liberian Action Party or
LAP [C. Gyude BRYANT]; Liberian People's Party or LPP [Koffa NAGBE]; Liberia Unification
Party or LUP [leader NA]; National Patriotic Party or NPP [Cyril ALLEN] - governing
party; United People's Party or UPP [Wesley JOHNSON]; Unity Party or UP [Charles
CLARKE] |
| Libya
| none |
| Liechtenstein
| Fatherland Union or VU [Oswald KRANZ]; Progressive Citizens' Party or
FBP [Ernst WALCH]; The Free List or FL [Dr. Pepo FRICK, Karin JENNY, Rene HASLER]
|
| Lithuania
| Electoral Action of Lithuanian Poles [Valdemar TOMASZEVSKI, chairman];
Homeland Union/Conservative Party or TS [Andrius KUBILIUS, chairman]; Lithuanian
Center Union or LCS [Kestutis GLAVECKAS, chairman]; Lithuanian Christian Democrats
or LKD [Kazys BOBELIS]; Lithuanian Farmer's Party or LUP [Ramunas KARBAUSKIS,
chairman]; Lithuanian Green Party [Rimantas BRAZIULIS]; Lithuanian Liberal Youth
[Neringa MOROZAITE]; Lithuanian National Democratic Party [Vygintas GONTIS]; Lithuanian
Social Democratic Coalition [Algirdas BRAZAUSKAS, chairman] consists of the Lithuanian
Democratic Labor Party or LDDP, the Lithuanian Social Democratic Party or LSDP,
and New Democracy; Moderate Conservative Union [Gediminas VAGNORIUS]; Modern Christian
Democratic Union [Vytautas BOGUSIS, chairman]; New Democracy and Farmer's Union
[Kazimiera PRUNSKIENE, chairman]; New Union-Social Liberals [Arturas PAULAUSKAS,
chairman]; Young Lithuania [Arnoldas PLATELIS] |
|
Luxembourg
| Action Committee for Democracy and Justice or ADR [Robert MEHLEN]; Christian
Social People's Party or CSV (known also as Christian Social Party or PCS) [Erna
HENNICOT-SCHOEPGES]; Democratic Party or DP [Lydie POLFER]; Green Party [Abbes
JACOBY and Felix BRAS]; Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party or LSAP [Jean ASSELBORN];
Marxist and Reformed Communist Party DEI LENK (the Left) [no formal leadership];
other minor parties |
