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China AGRICULTURAL POLICIES
Agricultural policy has gone through three broad phases: the
1950s, when agriculture was collectivized, ending with the
Great Leap Forward (1958-60; see Glossary);
the period from 1961 to the
death of Mao Zedong in 1976, when more agricultural progress came
to depend on the supply of capital and modern inputs; and the
period under the post-Mao leadership, which has been characterized
by greater reliance on markets, prices, and incentives to boost
production and to diversify output. (Inputs in this chapter refer
to components of production such as land, labor, seed, fertilizer,
machinery, tools, and irrigation water.)
Data as of July 1987
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