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China Foreign Trade Corporations and Enterprises
In the late 1980s China had numerous specialized national
corporations handling import and export transactions in such areas
as arts and crafts, textiles, "native produce" and animal
byproducts, foodstuffs of various kinds, chemicals, light
industrial products, metals and minerals technology, industrial
machinery and equipment, petrochemical and petroleum products,
scientific instruments, aerospace technology and services, ships,
and weapons (see
table 2, Appendix B). Although nominally
supervised by the Ministry of Foreign Economic Relations and Trade
each of these corporations was responsible for its own profits and
losses. Included among these enterprises, for example, was the
Great Wall Industrial Corporation, which imported and exported
transportation vehicles, satellites and other products associated
with aerospace programs, mechanical equipment, electrical products,
hardware and tools, medical apparatus, and chemicals. China
Northern Industrial Corporation, subordinate to the Ministry of
Ordnance Industry, used military production facilities to
manufacture civilian products for export. The business activities
of China Northern Industrial Corporation included the sale of heavy
machinery, hardware and tools, and heavy-duty vehicles; light
chemical industry products, such as plastic, paints, and coatings;
and high-precision machinery and optical and optical-electronic
equipment. Other corporations offered a variety of professional
consulting services. One of these, the China International Economic
Consultants Corporation, provided economic and legal expertise on
investment and other economic activities.
Data as of July 1987
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